Analyzing infant and child (under-five) mortality in Zaria: A regression analysis approach

This study was carried out using secondary data from Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, on infant and child (under-five) mortality and delivery rates. Descriptive statistics, Regression and Correlation analysis are the statistical techniques used for the study. From the regression analysis result obtained, it showed that both infant and child mortality rates has a direct relationship with delivery rates. The correlation analysis result showed that there is a very strong and positive relationship between mortality and delivery rates. The study revealed that infant and child mortality rates will continue to decrease if there can be improvement in the factors under study.Keywords: Infant and Child Mortality, Death and Birth Rates, Regression and Correlation, Anova, Trend, Demograph

Future chlorine-bromine loading and ozone depletion

The prediction of future ozone requires three elements: (1) a scenario for the net emissions of chemically and radiatively active trace gases from the land and oceans; (2) a global atmospheric model that projects the accumulation of these gases; and (3) a chemical transport model that describes the distribution of ozone for a prescribed atmospheric composition and climate. This chapter, of necessity, presents models for all three elements and focuses on the following: (1) atmospheric abundance of chlorine and bromine in the form of halocarbons; and (2) the associated perturbations to stratospheric ozone

The current status of lipoprotein (a) in pregnancy: A literature review

AbstractBackground and purposeLipoprotein (Lp) (a) is a neglected element of the blood lipid profile. It is now recognized as a determinant of coronary heart disease progression and its role in atherosclerosis and its ability to induce thrombosis make it potentially important in the course of normal and complicated pregnancies. Pregnancy involves a major transformation of metabolism to sustain fetal growth. Multiple studies have been conducted on Lp(a) in pregnancy, and it is timely to synthesize and evaluate this evidence.Methods and subjectsWe reviewed the MEDLINE database for all articles published concerning “lipoprotein a” and “pregnancy” from May 2003 to May 2012. A previous comprehensive review assessed the literature up to May 2003.ResultsWe critically analyzed 14 studies detailing the effect of complications in pregnancy on Lp(a) profile, and subsequent pregnancy outcomes where available. Studies evaluating the normal metabolic response to pregnancy, pregnancies complicated by pre-eclampsia and intra-uterine growth restriction were reviewed.ConclusionsA substantial mass of data has accumulated describing Lp(a) changes in pregnancy. The diversity of study design limits the ability to draw broad-ranging conclusions, but brings into focus the important questions remaining, which we discuss

Heavy Metals Concentrations in Commercially Available Fish of The Black Volta At Buipe In Northern Region Of Ghana

The purpose of the study was to gather information and evaluate the status of fish produced in the Black Volta of Northern Region in terms of Heavy metals in order to protect public health. Fish were selected based on weight and size. Three fish species which are commercially available were selected. The three fish species were bought from fishermen at the water body for four months. The concentration of metals (Zn, Pb, Fe, Mn, Cu and Cd ) was determined using atomic absorption spectrometry

Reduced erbium-doped ceria nanoparticles: one nano-host applicable for simultaneous optical down- and up-conversions

This paper introduces a new synthesis procedure to form erbium-doped ceria nanoparticles (EDC NPs) that can act as an optical medium for both up-conversion and down-conversion in the same time. This synthesis process results qualitatively in a high concentration of Ce(3+) ions required to obtain high fluorescence efficiency in the down-conversion process. Simultaneously, the synthesized nanoparticles contain the molecular energy levels of erbium that are required for up-conversion. Therefore, the synthesized EDC NPs can emit visible light when excited with either UV or IR photons. This opens new opportunities for applications where emission of light via both up- and down-conversions from a single nanomaterial is desired such as solar cells and bio-imaging